Poster Presentation 8th Australasian Virology Society Meeting and 11th Annual Meeting of the Australian Centre for Hepatitis & HIV Virology Meeting 2015

Characterisation of Reston virus disease in a ferret model. (#152)

Reuben Klein 1 , Shawn Todd 1 , Deborah Middleton 1 , Glenn Marsh 1
  1. Australian Animal Health Laboratory, CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Geelong, Vic, Australia

Reston virus, a member of the Ebolavirus genus, is endemic in the Southeast Asian region. Reston virus causes an extremely fatal disease in non-human primates, with multiple outbreaks occurring in primate facilities resulting in wide-spread mortality and morbidity. Evidence of Reston virus presence in pigs and bats, where it does not cause signs of disease, displays the zoonotic potential of this species of filovirus. Despite the significant disease observed in primates, humans are considered to be resistant to disease. Seropositive people have been detected in the USA and the Philippines following outbreaks in primate and swine facilities respectively. At present there is no small animal model that can be reliably infected, displaying an attenuated phenotype as seen in humans. We have recently described a ferret model of Ebola virus disease and this study investigated the potential of ferrets as a model for Reston virus in humans. To characterise infection in ferrets, eight animals were exposed to 1000 pfu of Reston virus via the oronasal route. Subsequently, the ferrets were serially euthanized on day 3, 5, 7 and 9 post infection to track the progression of disease. Upon euthanizing, samples were collected for RNA extraction, virus isolation and immunohistochemistry. All ferrets displayed widespread viremia, with genome and live virus isolated from most samples collected. Animals euthanized later in the time course displayed mild-moderate respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms, however disease was significantly attenuated compared to that observed with Ebola virus. This model provides an invaluable tool to investigate the differences observed in pathogenicity between Ebola and Reston viruses.